Gougères, pronounced GOO-jher-s, are light and airy pastry balls baked with cheese, typically Gruyère or Comté, and they rely on pâte à choux, an essential pastry for many French baked goods. Pâte à choux is made of water, butter, salt, flour and eggs; first the water, butter and salt are brought to a boil, then the flour is mixed in and finally, the eggs are added.